In Mrs. O'Brien's 4th grade class at the Spring Glen School in Hamden, Ct., circa 1960, she taught us that freedom of speech did not mean you could shout "Fire!" in a crowded movie theatre.
I think Mrs. O'Brien would also have had something to say about people who deny the value of medical science by refusing vaccinations, then show up …
In Mrs. O'Brien's 4th grade class at the Spring Glen School in Hamden, Ct., circa 1960, she taught us that freedom of speech did not mean you could shout "Fire!" in a crowded movie theatre.
I think Mrs. O'Brien would also have had something to say about people who deny the value of medical science by refusing vaccinations, then show up mortally ill at a hospital expecting treatment; very expensive treatment at that.
If I was a medical person treating such people, I think I would have a difficult time not dropping my professional demeanor and giving them an earful; at the very least.
But because we health care workers are consummate professionals and treat everyone with respect and dignity, we don't criticize patients who have made poor choices. We provide care equally and with compassion to all. We go in the break room and express our frustration, and speak out when appropriate to encourage the public to get vaccinated. What infuriates me is when members of my profession (nursing) and other health care workers speak out against vaccination. It erodes public trust and works against our efforts to defeat this pandemic.
I have decided that it is not incumbent upon me to be "respectful of their choices" when it comes to colleagues who are not vaxing out choice (not present health conditions). My hospital has decided that vaccination is a requirement for employment. So whenever I hear someone whining about it I just tell them it's their choice. There are other hospitals that are putting up with antivaxxers/vaccine hesitant. The evidence is in.
At least they have alternative choices for employment. I find it interesting (baffling?) that the groups of people screaming about their freedoms to choose whether to vaccinate or wear a mask seem to be the same groups who sanctimoniously want to deny women the right to choose whether or not to continue a pregnancy.
I don't know that I would lump everyone in that category. There are people on the Left and Right that are not getting the vaccine-- likely for different reasons. There is a gamut of inaccurate beliefs/willful ignorance.
I have an immune disorder. I am vaccinated but still at risk. As a nurse I do not believe ANY health care worker should have ANY patient contact if they are not vaccinated for COVID. Or flu. Or... "First do no harm."
I understand having to treat lung cancer in smokers, heart disease and diabetes in obesity, but when nonvaxers infect the air I breathe and put me and my loved ones at risk, I might have to reconsider my compassion. What a terrible place to be in as a health care provider. Maybe it's time to let the nonvaxer doctors and nurses administer to the nonvaxer patients, in entirely separate facilities!
I have done dumb things throughout my life, and have been totally embarrassed to have to submit to a health care professional to "undo" what I have done. Never was I ever met with derision over my poor choices.
Yes, I find it sad that some in your profession have chosen to speak out against the vaccine. It would maybe be helpful if they offered alternative therapies while they are publicly just saying "no" to the vaccine. I guess that would be dispensing medical advice, another no-no.
We have no hesitation about personally and public criticism of drunk drivers. Risky behavior with fireworks, particularly in crowds, is not tolerated, much less respected. I am sure we could assemble a long list of such offenses against the public interest. The antivaccine organized stupidity is no different, except in its scope. They threaten my grandchildren - they need to face consequences commensurate with the seriousness of their violation of our shared interests. Don’t whine to me about that.
I don’t think using false equivalencies helps our cause. In none of those circumstances you mention are we asking someone to let someone inject something into their bodies. There is enough real science to advocate for vaccination without resorting to such false equivalencies. For many currently, yes, it is an allegiance to an authoritarian cult but there are still plenty of people with real fear and trust issues.
Have you ever seen what happens when fireworks go off in a crowd - bits "injected" into bystanders. But the point isn't injection, it's common danger from irresponsible individual actions. And, that's not false equivalence. Those anti-vaxers can have all the fear and mistrust they want, as long as they are isolated so that only they suffer whatever consequences there may be. Their bad choices do not become my risks just because they don't want to accept the consequences. They don't get to claim their "freedom" trumps my health and safety (or the health and safety of my grandchildren who are too young to be vaccinated). No whining.
It's not false equivalence. Your right to swing your fist ends where someone else's nose starts. You have a right to drink yourself into a stupor. You do not have a right to then get into a car and weave all over the highway, endangering yourself and others.
You have a right to place your own health at risk. You do not have a right to do so in a way which places the health of others at risk, which is what refusing to get vaccinated for a highly contagious disease does.
So no, sorry, it's actually quite a fair parallel.
Morning Christy. I don't think the circumstances are false equivalencies to the often devastating consequences of hospitalized COVID. We are often slammed in the face with the deaths and the number of ventilators needed to treat people, but what is often missed is the often disability status of many of those people coming out of the hospitals, the great financial ruin for under or non insured, and the stress on hospital personnel. The sudden deaths of perfectly healthy people leaving children and spouses financially destitute and grieving. Just as in drunk driving, smoking consequences, and other risky behaviors, now we know that COVID consequences can be lessened or avoided with a vaccine.
I absolutely 💯 understand the consequences. However I emphatically maintain you cannot compare the justified fear and distrust of vaccines in people after centuries of being used for government experiments to a person who gets behind the wheel of a car under the influence or keeps an accessible and loaded gun in their home. Having spent decades in Public Health searching for what works to educate the fearful to inject life saving vaccines into arms I can 💯 say they are NOT equivalent. I am just as angry as anyone here about the GOP murdering people with misinformation but it’s complicated and not all the anti-vaxers can be lumped together. Besides that shame is a tool of authoritarians.
Christy there are profiteers spreading misinformation that is lethal. It's the business of death. Please think more about it. The links below are informative:
I’m confused by this reply Fern. There is nothing you have posted that I am not very familiar with. My comment above was about the false equivalency of someone very afraid of being injected with something they fear may cause them harm by someone they fear intends to cause them harm with drunk drivers. This will get us nowhere, very quickly. Love and trust will always win over shame. Always.
Morning Lynell! While I in no way speak out against the vaccine, I also acknowledge that as a people and a culture, we have a long way to go in developing and creating healthier ways of being. Without labeling this as ‘alternative’, I like to think of it as ‘increased awareness of our place in this world and in nature’.
First order of the day, get a freaking vaccine already.
Second, walk lightly on this earth and avoid using resources that we do not need. Two aphorisms that guide my life are “Honor Necessity”, and “Honor Sufficiency”.
You can take a boy out of the 60’s but you can’t take the 60’s out of a boy.
Hey, Stephen. Thank you for your gentle reply! I am fully vaccinated, but I agree, we do have a long way to go. My poorly worded post about offering an "alternative" to the vaccine, was meant for the frontline caregivers themselves. Why do they not want to get vaccinated, and what are they doing, if anything, as an alternative. To "Honor Necessity," my holistic vet has said sometimes we need the "big guns." I think this is one of those times.
How many of them are anti-vaxers for political reasons or are across the board anti-vaxers? And of those in the latter group have always avoided vaccines for their children? I keep trying to get a good sense on how it breaks down? And don’t schools (except in Tennessee?!) require children to be vaccinated for the usual diseases?
Some parents of little kids who die of sids - sudden infant death syndrome - have joined anti-vax because they first they are told it's semi their fault for co-sleeping, adding guilt to grief; and then the antivaxxers say no, it's the fault of the vaccine your kid had days before. Antivax presents as both a relief and a channel. Meanwhile, there are antivaxers who have quite the money-collection racket going for themselves.
That's in addition to the politicos who figure mass death is a small price to pay for trashing the country and then campaigning to be the ones to "fix it."
That and a large population who want to be organic farmers living naturally off the land. The alternative health industry is huge. Trouble is not everyone can live on an organic farm. Sometimes it’s really hard to see the forest when you’re living deep in the woods.
One of my vax-hesitant relatives at least wears a mask in public and works diligently to strengthen her immune system. She had actually decided to get the J&J vaccine, but then the cases of blood clotting disorders showed up.
You know all these anti-vax politicians, who thrive off the ignorance of their voters, lay in bed at night and say to their spouses, "Honey, these people are idiots."
I remember an interview of DT saying exactly that maybe 30 years ago, when asked about ever running for president for which party. He replied on camera, "Probably Republican, they are the dumbest". This video has been expunged from the internet, probably with the help from David Pecker.
Many laws on the books from Smallbox, diphtheria, polio, measles and so many many more. Just like the defense department, public health is a victim of our success. In defense are military is not directly challenged. Cyber and misinformation to divide us further is the current attack.Public Health past success, has exposed a public that no longer appreciates or understands health.
Agree. I hood doctors to the highest standard. Those who misrepresent meanings like Dr Scott Atlas, and doctors that are anti vax deserve to loose their medical license. “First, do no harm”
I have worked in the medical field for 47 years and at times the desire to just throttle those who without valid reason refuse to get vaccinated is almost too great to be ignored, but I do my work and move on.
what a powerful article, thanks JR. I find myself in the here we go again with a large serving of disbelief group. Every week I come across people who have refused to get vaccinated and the temptation to say "thanks for providing the virus a host to mutate and spread to even more people" is very great. It isn't just the patients that I deal with but members of my own family. Can I become an octopus so I can slap or strangle eight people at a time?
The admission of how a nurse feels about a patient who spit in her face when she told him he had Covid. “Covids a hoax”, he tells her, this as they put him on a ventilator.
Yeah. Substack needs more icons to express a feeling. Which reminds me of this presser update in Utah from two weeks ago.
University Hospital's Chief Medical officer Dr. Kencee Graves ( I have friends that work at Unv. Hospital.) Fast forward to 13:28 for the Doctors update on how her hospital is coping. Her metrics are not good, but it is her intellectual and emotional appeal to the population to please get vaccinated. It is as eloquent & poignant, as it is urgent & compassionate.
How is it that we do we not feel the pain and heed the warnings from our best trained and best educated Health Care Professionals?
At least future historians will have these video records for information and emotions during this pandemic. Maybe that will help rebuild our appreciation and understanding of Public Health.
"every physician and nurse in Missouri whom I spoke with told me that the 30- and 40-something COVID-19 patients they’re now seeing are much sicker than those they saw last year. “That age group did get COVID before, but they didn’t usually end up in the ICU like they are now,” Jonathan Brown, a respiratory therapist at Mercy, told me. Nurses are watching families navigate end-of-life decisions for young people who have no advance directives or other legal documents in place...Almost every COVID-19 patient in Springfield’s hospitals is unvaccinated.."
I think it would make a great book, to interview and tell the stories of doctors and nurses and EMT's during this pandemic. To really go into what they were thinking and feeling, what worked, what didn't, particular stories about patients or other workers, and so forth.
Dr. Bristow was motivated to write American Pandemic ( 1918) when she learned that she had two grand parents who had died then. But hers is not the best book nor the most comprehensive of the 1918 Pandemic, I put her book at #2.
This is the #1 book on the Pandemic of 1918. This should be required readying by elected officials at every level of government. It should be required reading in nursing and medical schools.
All the mistakes from the last 18 months are in this book about 1918. Its uncanny how similar the warning signs and leadership mistakes parallel each other throughout both pandemics. And now, as this variant grows this fall, will be much like the fall of 1918 for us and for all the world.
This book is informative and comprehensive. It is the "bible" for pandemic learning. President Bush read this book while on vacation after 911, after Katrina, and after reading it he set up, shored up the US's Pandemic Response as a part of our National Security planning. President Obama built on that. The former guy shuttered all the bipartisan preparedness and response in his first week of office. That alone should have warranted impeachment in my opinion. I don't see how anyone could read this book and not promote mandatory vaccination.
You said Mrs. O'Brien's name. She would be so proud of you for remembering the importance of the freedom of speech. You brought her to your message about a civil society and our responsibilities to one another; respecting the rights of others and knowing good behavior from bad. Here's to Mrs. O'Brien and Ralph Averill! On we go!
In Mrs. O'Brien's 4th grade class at the Spring Glen School in Hamden, Ct., circa 1960, she taught us that freedom of speech did not mean you could shout "Fire!" in a crowded movie theatre.
I think Mrs. O'Brien would also have had something to say about people who deny the value of medical science by refusing vaccinations, then show up mortally ill at a hospital expecting treatment; very expensive treatment at that.
If I was a medical person treating such people, I think I would have a difficult time not dropping my professional demeanor and giving them an earful; at the very least.
But because we health care workers are consummate professionals and treat everyone with respect and dignity, we don't criticize patients who have made poor choices. We provide care equally and with compassion to all. We go in the break room and express our frustration, and speak out when appropriate to encourage the public to get vaccinated. What infuriates me is when members of my profession (nursing) and other health care workers speak out against vaccination. It erodes public trust and works against our efforts to defeat this pandemic.
I have decided that it is not incumbent upon me to be "respectful of their choices" when it comes to colleagues who are not vaxing out choice (not present health conditions). My hospital has decided that vaccination is a requirement for employment. So whenever I hear someone whining about it I just tell them it's their choice. There are other hospitals that are putting up with antivaxxers/vaccine hesitant. The evidence is in.
At least they have alternative choices for employment. I find it interesting (baffling?) that the groups of people screaming about their freedoms to choose whether to vaccinate or wear a mask seem to be the same groups who sanctimoniously want to deny women the right to choose whether or not to continue a pregnancy.
Hypocritical much?
I don't know that I would lump everyone in that category. There are people on the Left and Right that are not getting the vaccine-- likely for different reasons. There is a gamut of inaccurate beliefs/willful ignorance.
I have an immune disorder. I am vaccinated but still at risk. As a nurse I do not believe ANY health care worker should have ANY patient contact if they are not vaccinated for COVID. Or flu. Or... "First do no harm."
Thank you!
You are so right! Baffling!
Perfect!
I understand having to treat lung cancer in smokers, heart disease and diabetes in obesity, but when nonvaxers infect the air I breathe and put me and my loved ones at risk, I might have to reconsider my compassion. What a terrible place to be in as a health care provider. Maybe it's time to let the nonvaxer doctors and nurses administer to the nonvaxer patients, in entirely separate facilities!
“My freedom to wave my arms wildly ends where your nose begins”-Ronald Regan. No one has the right to spread a deadly virus to others.
Great idea!
I have done dumb things throughout my life, and have been totally embarrassed to have to submit to a health care professional to "undo" what I have done. Never was I ever met with derision over my poor choices.
Yes, I find it sad that some in your profession have chosen to speak out against the vaccine. It would maybe be helpful if they offered alternative therapies while they are publicly just saying "no" to the vaccine. I guess that would be dispensing medical advice, another no-no.
We have no hesitation about personally and public criticism of drunk drivers. Risky behavior with fireworks, particularly in crowds, is not tolerated, much less respected. I am sure we could assemble a long list of such offenses against the public interest. The antivaccine organized stupidity is no different, except in its scope. They threaten my grandchildren - they need to face consequences commensurate with the seriousness of their violation of our shared interests. Don’t whine to me about that.
I don’t think using false equivalencies helps our cause. In none of those circumstances you mention are we asking someone to let someone inject something into their bodies. There is enough real science to advocate for vaccination without resorting to such false equivalencies. For many currently, yes, it is an allegiance to an authoritarian cult but there are still plenty of people with real fear and trust issues.
Have you ever seen what happens when fireworks go off in a crowd - bits "injected" into bystanders. But the point isn't injection, it's common danger from irresponsible individual actions. And, that's not false equivalence. Those anti-vaxers can have all the fear and mistrust they want, as long as they are isolated so that only they suffer whatever consequences there may be. Their bad choices do not become my risks just because they don't want to accept the consequences. They don't get to claim their "freedom" trumps my health and safety (or the health and safety of my grandchildren who are too young to be vaccinated). No whining.
It's not false equivalence. Your right to swing your fist ends where someone else's nose starts. You have a right to drink yourself into a stupor. You do not have a right to then get into a car and weave all over the highway, endangering yourself and others.
You have a right to place your own health at risk. You do not have a right to do so in a way which places the health of others at risk, which is what refusing to get vaccinated for a highly contagious disease does.
So no, sorry, it's actually quite a fair parallel.
Morning Christy. I don't think the circumstances are false equivalencies to the often devastating consequences of hospitalized COVID. We are often slammed in the face with the deaths and the number of ventilators needed to treat people, but what is often missed is the often disability status of many of those people coming out of the hospitals, the great financial ruin for under or non insured, and the stress on hospital personnel. The sudden deaths of perfectly healthy people leaving children and spouses financially destitute and grieving. Just as in drunk driving, smoking consequences, and other risky behaviors, now we know that COVID consequences can be lessened or avoided with a vaccine.
I see health insurance cost rising. Who’s to blame? The unvaccinated.
I absolutely 💯 understand the consequences. However I emphatically maintain you cannot compare the justified fear and distrust of vaccines in people after centuries of being used for government experiments to a person who gets behind the wheel of a car under the influence or keeps an accessible and loaded gun in their home. Having spent decades in Public Health searching for what works to educate the fearful to inject life saving vaccines into arms I can 💯 say they are NOT equivalent. I am just as angry as anyone here about the GOP murdering people with misinformation but it’s complicated and not all the anti-vaxers can be lumped together. Besides that shame is a tool of authoritarians.
Christy there are profiteers spreading misinformation that is lethal. It's the business of death. Please think more about it. The links below are informative:
https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/social-media/facebook-anti-vaxxers-pushed-mom-not-give-her-son-tamiflu-n1131936
https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/social-media/how-anti-vaxxers-target-grieving-moms-turn-them-crusaders-n1057566
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/14/technology/facebook-data.html
I’m confused by this reply Fern. There is nothing you have posted that I am not very familiar with. My comment above was about the false equivalency of someone very afraid of being injected with something they fear may cause them harm by someone they fear intends to cause them harm with drunk drivers. This will get us nowhere, very quickly. Love and trust will always win over shame. Always.
pwhres/eupbgs, er/reubg!
Morning Lynell! While I in no way speak out against the vaccine, I also acknowledge that as a people and a culture, we have a long way to go in developing and creating healthier ways of being. Without labeling this as ‘alternative’, I like to think of it as ‘increased awareness of our place in this world and in nature’.
First order of the day, get a freaking vaccine already.
Second, walk lightly on this earth and avoid using resources that we do not need. Two aphorisms that guide my life are “Honor Necessity”, and “Honor Sufficiency”.
You can take a boy out of the 60’s but you can’t take the 60’s out of a boy.
Hey, Stephen. Thank you for your gentle reply! I am fully vaccinated, but I agree, we do have a long way to go. My poorly worded post about offering an "alternative" to the vaccine, was meant for the frontline caregivers themselves. Why do they not want to get vaccinated, and what are they doing, if anything, as an alternative. To "Honor Necessity," my holistic vet has said sometimes we need the "big guns." I think this is one of those times.
: )
Right On!
The only alternative treatment for prevention is isolation.
Or wearing masks?
Masks for how long? Vaccinate. This is the only way back.
Oh, they certainly offer "alternative therapies." The problem is that they're all quackery and snake oil.
How many of them are anti-vaxers for political reasons or are across the board anti-vaxers? And of those in the latter group have always avoided vaccines for their children? I keep trying to get a good sense on how it breaks down? And don’t schools (except in Tennessee?!) require children to be vaccinated for the usual diseases?
Some parents of little kids who die of sids - sudden infant death syndrome - have joined anti-vax because they first they are told it's semi their fault for co-sleeping, adding guilt to grief; and then the antivaxxers say no, it's the fault of the vaccine your kid had days before. Antivax presents as both a relief and a channel. Meanwhile, there are antivaxers who have quite the money-collection racket going for themselves.
https://www.nbcnews.com/tech/social-media/how-anti-vaxxers-target-grieving-moms-turn-them-crusaders-n1057566
That's in addition to the politicos who figure mass death is a small price to pay for trashing the country and then campaigning to be the ones to "fix it."
Exactly! It’s complicated! It’s multifactorial. Lumping everyone in with the hateful GOP doesn’t help us.
That and a large population who want to be organic farmers living naturally off the land. The alternative health industry is huge. Trouble is not everyone can live on an organic farm. Sometimes it’s really hard to see the forest when you’re living deep in the woods.
One of my vax-hesitant relatives at least wears a mask in public and works diligently to strengthen her immune system. She had actually decided to get the J&J vaccine, but then the cases of blood clotting disorders showed up.
Requirements can happen after vaccine fully approved by FDA.
Yes. But that will be to late for many.
Well. That’s a “but” that should read “and”.
You know all these anti-vax politicians, who thrive off the ignorance of their voters, lay in bed at night and say to their spouses, "Honey, these people are idiots."
I remember an interview of DT saying exactly that maybe 30 years ago, when asked about ever running for president for which party. He replied on camera, "Probably Republican, they are the dumbest". This video has been expunged from the internet, probably with the help from David Pecker.
yes they do... how sick is that whole business???
Each state is different- see NCSL.org (National Council of State Legislature - a non-partisan org).
Many laws on the books from Smallbox, diphtheria, polio, measles and so many many more. Just like the defense department, public health is a victim of our success. In defense are military is not directly challenged. Cyber and misinformation to divide us further is the current attack.Public Health past success, has exposed a public that no longer appreciates or understands health.
So agree Nancy; I have an anti-vax nurse in the family. Thank you for all you do!
Agree. I hood doctors to the highest standard. Those who misrepresent meanings like Dr Scott Atlas, and doctors that are anti vax deserve to loose their medical license. “First, do no harm”
Thank You.
I have worked in the medical field for 47 years and at times the desire to just throttle those who without valid reason refuse to get vaccinated is almost too great to be ignored, but I do my work and move on.
The Atlantic has a powerful report today on the surge in Missouri, and the toll it’s taking on healthcare workers. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2021/07/delta-missouri-pandemic-surge/619456/
what a powerful article, thanks JR. I find myself in the here we go again with a large serving of disbelief group. Every week I come across people who have refused to get vaccinated and the temptation to say "thanks for providing the virus a host to mutate and spread to even more people" is very great. It isn't just the patients that I deal with but members of my own family. Can I become an octopus so I can slap or strangle eight people at a time?
The admission of how a nurse feels about a patient who spit in her face when she told him he had Covid. “Covids a hoax”, he tells her, this as they put him on a ventilator.
It feels contradictory to “like” your post, it’s more that I echo your sentiment.
Yeah. Substack needs more icons to express a feeling. Which reminds me of this presser update in Utah from two weeks ago.
University Hospital's Chief Medical officer Dr. Kencee Graves ( I have friends that work at Unv. Hospital.) Fast forward to 13:28 for the Doctors update on how her hospital is coping. Her metrics are not good, but it is her intellectual and emotional appeal to the population to please get vaccinated. It is as eloquent & poignant, as it is urgent & compassionate.
How is it that we do we not feel the pain and heed the warnings from our best trained and best educated Health Care Professionals?
At least future historians will have these video records for information and emotions during this pandemic. Maybe that will help rebuild our appreciation and understanding of Public Health.
https://www.facebook.com/watch/live/?v=141850971374613&ref=watch_permalink
Per Atlantic article, avoidable heartbreak:
"every physician and nurse in Missouri whom I spoke with told me that the 30- and 40-something COVID-19 patients they’re now seeing are much sicker than those they saw last year. “That age group did get COVID before, but they didn’t usually end up in the ICU like they are now,” Jonathan Brown, a respiratory therapist at Mercy, told me. Nurses are watching families navigate end-of-life decisions for young people who have no advance directives or other legal documents in place...Almost every COVID-19 patient in Springfield’s hospitals is unvaccinated.."
Thanks, will read.
At the very least.
I think it would make a great book, to interview and tell the stories of doctors and nurses and EMT's during this pandemic. To really go into what they were thinking and feeling, what worked, what didn't, particular stories about patients or other workers, and so forth.
As they look at this third wave of cases coming, gotta be heartbreaking, or maybe inraging?
Kim, u would love this book about 1918. It’s exactly what you are saying.
American Pandemic- Nancy Bristow
Thanks Ted. My paternal grandmother's parents died of that flu when she was 10 leaving her and her sisters orphans.
Dr. Bristow was motivated to write American Pandemic ( 1918) when she learned that she had two grand parents who had died then. But hers is not the best book nor the most comprehensive of the 1918 Pandemic, I put her book at #2.
This is the #1 book on the Pandemic of 1918. This should be required readying by elected officials at every level of government. It should be required reading in nursing and medical schools.
All the mistakes from the last 18 months are in this book about 1918. Its uncanny how similar the warning signs and leadership mistakes parallel each other throughout both pandemics. And now, as this variant grows this fall, will be much like the fall of 1918 for us and for all the world.
This book is informative and comprehensive. It is the "bible" for pandemic learning. President Bush read this book while on vacation after 911, after Katrina, and after reading it he set up, shored up the US's Pandemic Response as a part of our National Security planning. President Obama built on that. The former guy shuttered all the bipartisan preparedness and response in his first week of office. That alone should have warranted impeachment in my opinion. I don't see how anyone could read this book and not promote mandatory vaccination.
The Great Influenza by John M. Barry
http://www.johnmbarry.com/the_great_influenza__the_story_of_the_deadliest_pandemic_in_history__133171.htm
Book Review:
https://niemanreports.org/articles/the-terror-of-disease/
Thanks Ted
You said Mrs. O'Brien's name. She would be so proud of you for remembering the importance of the freedom of speech. You brought her to your message about a civil society and our responsibilities to one another; respecting the rights of others and knowing good behavior from bad. Here's to Mrs. O'Brien and Ralph Averill! On we go!
As would I have a hard time treating smokers, the morbidly obese, drug and alcohol abusers and those that knowingly transmit DEADLY disease
Hi, Neighbor! I live just a couple of miles south of the Spring Glen School.
Alas, 4th grade was my last class at Spring Glen.